汽车标记

介绍

本页提供有关使用 schema.org 标记汽车的背景信息。有关更多信息和与项目背后的社区沟通，请参阅：http://w3.org/community/gao/。这项工作源于 GAO 项目（通用汽车本体）以及现有本体，如车辆销售本体 (VSO)、汽车选项本体 (COO) 和二手车本体 (UCO)。

概述

schema.org 的汽车扩展（auto.schema.org）指的是与流行车辆相关的所有重要现实世界对象，如汽车、巴士（教练车）和摩托车。虽然扩展允许对所有种类的车辆进行公平描述，但它主要关注零售市场视角的乘客汽车。

扩展中反映了四个主要类别的对象：

最受欢迎的汽车类型及其使用
汽车配置
发动机及其特性
汽车作为产品的商业方面相关的特征

在为每个对象类选择类型和属性时，扩展作者（见”致谢”）受到简单性和实用性原则的激励。’简单性’导致了一组极小的术语，从而产生了一个精简的扩展；而’实用性’将术语范围限制为从汽车市场视角看到的、最重要的对象。

‘奥卡姆剃刀’原则规定了重点放在反映消费者偏好的术语上，这些偏好是从他们对汽车的搜索和典型数字活动中观察到的。

一些反映这些对象的类型和属性，以及描述其特征的类型和属性，已经在 schema.org 的开始就定义了。其他类型在 2015 年 5 月发布了 schema.org v2.0 时进入了”核心”词汇，并在 2016 年 5 月发布了 schema.org v3.0 时与 http://auto.schema.org 的创建一起提供了全部术语。

尽管这些不同的起源，在本页中我们平等对待所有这些，使用”汽车扩展”这个伞状术语，因为所有这些都存在于共同的共享 schema.org 命名空间中。

毫无疑问，当前形式的扩展无法满足汽车行业的所有需求。然而，这个扩展确实创建了一个框架，现在可以利用它，并带来巨大的好处，尽管其足迹很小。

该项目的作者致力于未来发展 schema.org 的”汽车”面，这一点在未来几年特别重要，因为整个汽车行业正在发生巨大变化，随着电动汽车的普及、”联网汽车”的流行以及自主汽车的出现。

这项持续活动将包括在 schema.org 核心中添加和修改最重要的类型和属性，到 auto.schema.org 扩展，以及到 schema.org 的未来”外部”汽车扩展，这些扩展不需要受早期”精简”方法的限制。

汽车扩展的概念图和层次结构

以下图表代表了扩展的概念图。正如之前解释的，该图包含来自 schema.org”核心”和实际汽车扩展（在 http://auto.schema.org）的元素。

schema.org 汽车扩展思维导图

图中以紫色背景描绘的术语记录在 auto.schema.org 中，其余术语是 schema.org 词汇的核心部分。

请注意，该图显示了”Car”类型的扩展属性，这些属性与”BusOrCoach”、”Motorcycle”和”MotorizedBicycle”一起从 schema.org 中已存在的”Vehicle”类型子类化。

汽车扩展中所有术语的完整层次结构（加上其上位词）

类型：

Thing
- Product
  - Vehicle
- Intangible
  - Enumeration
    - QualitativeValue
  - StructuredValue
    - EngineSpecification

属性：

枚举（按类型）：

汽车扩展中对象的模型

下面的图表说明了扩展中主要类别对象的描述的基本模式。

车辆类型及其子类型

schema.org 车辆类型及其子类型

顶级”类型”用于描述车辆的 Vehicle（它是 Product 的子类型）由最重要的指定类型指定：MotorizedBicycle、Motorcycle、Car 和 BusOrCoach。

车辆类型及其属性

schema.org 车辆类型及其属性

车辆可以通过以下 schema.org 属性识别：cargoVolume、dateVehicleFirstRegistered、driveWheelConfiguration、fuelConsumption、fuelEfficiency、fuelType、knownVehicleDamages、mileageFromOdometer、numberOfAirbags、numberOfAxles、numberOfDoors、numberOfForwardGears、numberOfPreviousOwners、productionDate、purchaseDate、steeringPosition、vehicleConfiguration、vehicleEngine、vehicleIdentificationNumber、vehicleInteriorColor、vehicleInteriorType、vehicleModelDate、vehicleSeatingCapacity、vehicleSpecialUsage 和 vehicleTransmission。

auto.schema.org 扩展添加了以下属性：accelerationTime、bodyType、emissionsCO2、fuelCapacity、meetsEmissionStandard、modelDate、payload、seatingCapacity、speed、tongueWeight、trailerWeight、weightTotal 和 wheelbase。

汽车 Acriss 代码和车顶负载

schema.org 汽车 Acriss 代码和 roofLoad

除了 Vehicle 的所有属性（Car 和 BusOrCoach 类型继承）外，它们还拥有两个额外属性，即：acrissCode 和 roofLoad。

车辆的驱动轮配置

schema.org 车辆驱动和轮配置

Vehicle 的 driveWheelConfiguration 由 Text 描述，或通过以下 DriveWheelConfigurationValue 的成员：AllWheelDriveConfiguration、FourWheelDriveConfiguration、FrontWheelDriveConfiguration 和 RearWheelDriveConfiguration。

车辆发动机、转向位置和汽车使用规范

schema.org 车辆发动机、转向位置和汽车使用规范

车辆的发动机可以通过 vehicleEngine 属性和 EngineSpecification 类型识别。然后，EngineSpecification 可以由以下属性表征：fuelType、engineDisplacement、enginePower、engineType 和 torque。

要指示车辆是否已用于特殊目的，应使用 vehicleSpecialUsage 属性和以下 CarUsageType 的成员：DrivingSchoolVehicleUsage、RentalVehicleUsage 和 TaxiVehicleUsage。

车辆的 steeringPosition 由 SteeringPositionValue 类型描述及其两个成员：LeftHandDriving 和 RightHandDriving。

使用 Offer 类型的属性描述汽车

在此示例中，Offer 类型用于描述 Car（它是 Vehicle 的子类，后者是 Product 的子类）作为提供给客户端的产品。这允许表达汽车的报价价格、货币（priceCurrency）和提供产品的 Organization。

使用示例

在本文件的这一部分，我们展示了在 HTML 页面中使用 auto.schema.org 标记的几个示例。这里是示例：二手车、新款混合动力车、有损坏的二手车和带有 Acriss 代码的租车。

示例 1. 二手车

预标记

<!-- Seller Details -->
<div>
  <strong>Contact Name: </strong> <span>Brent</span>
  <div>$18,000</div>
<!-- Car Details -->
  <div id="product">
    <strong>2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox</strong>
    <p>2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox in perfect
    mechanical condition and low kilometres. It's impressive 2.0 litre turbo engine 
    makes every drive a fun experience. Well looked after by one owner with full     
    service history. 
    It drives like new and has only done 50,000kms. (...)</p>
    <img href="2009_Volkswagen_Golf_V_GTI_MY09.png" />
    <p><strong>Color: </strong>Black</p>
    <p><strong>Number of gears: </strong>6</p>
    <p><strong>Engine:</strong>
               4 cylinder Petrol Turbo Intercooled 2.0 L (1984 cc)</p>
    <p><strong>Number of airbags: </strong>6</p>
  </div>
</div>

微数据标记

<!-- Seller Details -->
<div itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person">
  <strong>Contact Name: </strong> <span itemprop="name givenName">Brent</span>
  <div itemprop="makesOffer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Offer" itemref="product">
    <span itemprop="priceSpecification" itemscope
      itemtype="https://schema.org/UnitPriceSpecification">
      <meta itemprop="priceCurrency" content="USD">$</meta>
      <meta itemprop="price" content="18000">18,000</meta>
    </span>
  </div>
</div>
<!-- Car Details -->
<div id="product" itemprop="itemOffered" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Car">
  <strong itemprop="name">2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox</strong>
  <p itemprop="description">2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox in perfect
  mechanical condition and low kilometres. It's impressive 2.0 litre turbo engine makes
  every drive a fun experience. Well looked after by one owner with full service history.
  It drives like new and has only done 50,000kms. (...)</p>
  <img itemprop="image" href="2009_Volkswagen_Golf_V_GTI_MY09.png" />
  <p><strong>Color: </strong><span itemprop="color">Black</span></p>
  <p><strong>Number of gears: </strong><span itemprop="numberOfForwardGears">6</span></p>
  <div itemprop="vehicleEngine" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/EngineSpecification">
    <p><strong>Engine: </strong>
      <span itemprop="name">4 cylinder Petrol Turbo Intercooled 2.0 L (1984 cc)</span>
    </p>
  </div>
  <p><strong>Number of airbags: </strong><span itemprop="numberOfAirbags">6</span></p>
</div>

RDFa 标记

<!-- Seller Details -->
<div vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="Person">
<strong>Contact Name: </strong> <span property="name givenName">Brent</span>
  <div property="makesOffer" typeof="Offer">
    <span property="priceSpecification" typeof="UnitPriceSpecification">
      <meta property="price" content="18000" />18,000
      <meta property="priceCurrency" content="USD" />$
    </span>
<!-- Car Details -->
    <div id="product" property="itemOffered" typeof="Car">
      <strong property="name">2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox</strong>
      <p property="description">2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox in perfect
      mechanical condition and low kilometres. It's impressive 2.0 litre turbo engine makes
      every drive a fun experience. Well looked after by one owner with full service history.
      It drives like new and has only done 50,000kms. (...)</p>
      <img property="image" href="2009_Volkswagen_Golf_V_GTI_MY09.png" />
      <p><strong>Color: </strong><span property="color">Black</span></p>
      <p><strong>Number of gears: </strong><span property="numberOfForwardGears">6</span></p>
      <div property="vehicleEngine" typeOf="EngineSpecification">
        <p><strong>Engine: </strong>
          <span property="name">4 cylinder Petrol Turbo Intercooled 2.0 L (1984 cc)</span>
        </p>
      </div>
      <p><strong>Number of airbags: </strong><span property="numberOfAirbags">6</span></p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

JSON-LD 标记

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Person",
  "name" : "Brent",
  "makesOffer" : {
        "@type" :"Offer",
        "priceSpecification" : {
            "@type" : "UnitPriceSpecification",
            "priceCurrency" : "USD",
            "price" : "18000" },
        "itemOffered" : {
            "@type" : "Car",
            "name" : "2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox",
            "description" : "2009 Volkswagen Golf V GTI MY09 Direct-Shift Gearbox in perfect mechanical condition and low kilometres. It's impressive 2.0 litre turbo engine makes every drive a fun experience. Well looked after by one owner with full service history. It drives like new and has only done 50,000kms. (...)",
        "image" : "2009_Volkswagen_Golf_V_GTI_MY09.png",
        "color" : "Black",
        "numberOfForwardGears" : "6",
        "vehicleEngine" : {
            "@type": "EngineSpecification",
            "name" : "4 cylinder Petrol Turbo Intercooled 2.0 L (1984 cc)"
            },
        "numberOfAirbags" : "6"
        }
    }
}
</script>

示例 2. 新款混合动力车

预标记

<!-- new car, hybrid car -->
<div>
<h3>Exemplary Hybrid Car Model Name, 2017</h3>
<p>release date 2016</p>
<p>91800.00 PLN</p>
<p>VIN: 1HTLCZWN0JH503089</p>
<p>White, hatchback, limited edition</p>
<p>leather, beige interior</p>
<p>4 doors, 6 airbags</p>
<p>5 passengers</p>
<ul>
  <li>Steering position: left side steering</li>
  <li><strong>ENGINE Type:</strong> 1580cc</li>
  <li><strong>Horsepower:</strong> 104 hp @ 5,700 rpm</li>
  <li><strong>Torque:</strong> 109 lb.-ft. @ 4,000 rpm</li>
  <li><strong>Fuel tank capacity:</strong> 11.9 gallons</li>
  <li><strong>Electric Motor Type:</strong> AC Synchronous Permanent Magnet Motor</li>
  <li><strong>Horsepower:</strong> 43 hp</li>
  <li><strong>Torque:</strong> 125 lb.-ft.</li>
  <li><strong>Battery Capacity:</strong> 6.5 Ah</li>
  <li><strong>Battery Energy:</strong> 1.56 kWh</li>
  <li><strong>CO2 emissions:</strong> 88g/km</li>
  <li><strong>Wheel configuration:</strong> RWD</li>
  <li><strong>Number of axles:</strong> 2</li>
  <li><strong>Transmission Type:</strong> 6-speed dual clutch automatic transmission (DCT)</li>
  <li><strong>Wheelbase:</strong> 106.3 in.</li>
  <li><strong>Luggage capacity, rear seats upright:</strong> 19.4 cu. ft.</li>
  <li><strong>Weight:</strong> 1425 kg</li>
  <li><strong>Acceleration 0..100 km/h:</strong> 11.5 s</li>
  <li><strong>Top speed:</strong> 210 km/h</li>
  <li><strong>Fuel consumption:</strong> 3.5l/100km</li>
</ul>
<p>Car Company S.A.</p>
<p>Write to us: ul. Borowa 16, 20-170 Łaziska Górne</p>
<p>Telephone: 670 000 070</p>
<p>Available from 29 May, 2017</p>
</div>

JSON-LD 标记

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context":"https://schema.org/",
  "@type":"Car",
  "name":"Exemplary Car Model Name",
  "manufacturer":"Exemplary Car Manufacturer",   
  "vehicleConfiguration":"limited edition",
  "vehicleIdentificationNumber":"1HTLCZWN0JH503089",
  "productionDate":"2017",      
  "modelDate":"2016",
  "bodyType":"hatchback",
  "steeringPosition":{"@id":"https://schema.org/LeftHandDriving"},    
  "driveWheelConfiguration":{"@id":"https://schema.org/RearWheelDriveConfiguration"},
  "color":"White",   
  "vehicleInteriorType":"leather",
  "vehicleInteriorColor":"beige",  
  "numberOfAirbags" : "6",   
  "numberOfAxles":"2",
  "numberOfDoors": "5",
  "seatingCapacity": "5", 
  "cargoVolume":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"19.4",
        "unitCode":"FTQ"},        
  "weightTotal":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "maxValue":"1425",
        "unitCode":"KGM"},         

  "wheelbase":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"106.3",
        "unitCode":"INH"},    

  "vehicleTransmission": "automatic gearbox",   
  "numberOfForwardGears" : "6",   

  "vehicleEngine":[
      {
     "@type":"EngineSpecification",
     "engineType":"internal combustion engine",
     "fuelType":"petrol",
     "engineDisplacement":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"1580",
        "unitCode":"CMQ"},
     "torque":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"109",
        "unitCode":"F17"},   
     "enginePower":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"104",
        "unitCode":"BHP"}},
     {
     "@type":"EngineSpecification",
     "engineType":"electric motor",
     "torque":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"125",
        "unitCode":"F17"},       
     "enginePower":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"43",
        "unitCode":"BHP"}}
  ], 

  "accelerationTime":{
     "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
     "value":"11.5",
     "unitCode":"SEC",
     "valueReference":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
       "unitText":"0..100 km/h"
     }}, 

   "speed":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "maxValue":"210",
        "unitCode":"KMH"},   

  "fuelCapacity":[{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"11.9",
        "unitCode":"GLL"},
        {
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"6.5",
        "unitCode":"AMH",
        "description":"Battery Energy 1.56 kWh"}
        ],

  "fuelConsumption":{
        "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
        "value":"3.5",
        "unitText":"L/100km"},

  "mileageFromOdometer":{
     "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
     "value":"1",
     "unitCode":"KMT"
  },

  "emissionsCO2": "88",  

  "offers":{
     "@type":"Offer",
     "price":"91800.00",
     "priceCurrency":"PLN",
     "availabilityStarts":"2017-05-29",
     "seller":{
        "@type":"Organization",
        "address":{
           "@type":"PostalAddress",
           "addressCountry":"PL",
           "streetAddress":"Borowa 16",
           "postalCode":"20-170",
           "addressLocality":"Łaziska Górne"
        },
        "telephone":"670 000 070",
        "name":"Car Company S.A."
     }
  }
}
</script>

示例 3. 有损坏的二手车

预标记

<!-- used car with damages -->
<div>
<h3>Ex Driving School Car For Sale</h3>
<p><strong>Model:</strong>Exemplary Car Model Name</p>
<p><strong>Reg. date:</strong> 12/06/2008</p>
<p><strong>Purchase date:</strong> 17/01/2010</p>
<p><strong>Previous owners excl. current:</strong> 1</p>
<p>excellent condition apart from damaged area
car has damage to passenger front corner;
no chassis damaged, no radiators damaged, no airbags deployed</p>
</div>

JSON-LD 标记

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context":"https://schema.org/",
  "@type":"Car",
  "name":"Exemplary Car Model Name",
  "knownVehicleDamages":"excellent condition apart from damaged area car has damage to passenger front corner; no chassis damaged, no radiators damaged, no airbags deployed",
  "dateVehicleFirstRegistered":"2008-06-12",
  "purchaseDate":"2010-01-17",
  "numberOfPreviousOwners":"2",
  "vehicleSpecialUsage":{"@id":"https://schema.org/DrivingSchoolVehicleUsage"}
}
</script>

示例 4. 带有 Acriss 代码的租车

预标记

<!-- rental car with acriss code -->
<div>
<h2>Rent Car Company</h2>
<img href="http://AutoRental.com/rent_company.jpg"/>
<h3>Exemplary Car Model Name | <strong>SCAR</strong> </h3>
<p>Rental price per day: EUR 20</p>
<p>Equipment, seats and luggage</p>
<ul>
  <li>Air conditioning available
  <li>4 Doors</li>
  <li>5 Passengers</li>
  <li>2 Suitcase(s)</li>
  <li>2 Bag(s)</li>
  <li>Automatic transmission</li>
</ul>
</div>

JSON-LD 标记

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
   "@context":"https://schema.org/",
   "@type":"Car",
   "name":"Exemplary Car Model Name",
   "acrissCode":"SCAR",
   "seatingCapacity": "5",
   "numberOfDoors": "4",
   "vehicleTransmission": "automatic gearbox",
   "cargoVolume":[{
         "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
         "value":"2",
         "unitText":"bags"},
         {
         "@type":"QuantitativeValue",
         "value":"2",
         "unitText":"suitcases"}],
   "additionalProperty":{
        "@type":"PropertyValue",
        "name":"air conditioning"
        },
   "offers":{
     "@type":"Offer",
     "offeredBy": {
        "@type": "AutoRental",
        "name":"Rent Car Company",
        "image": "http://AutoRental.com/rent_company.jpg"
      },    
      "priceSpecification": {
        "@type": "UnitPriceSpecification",
        "price": "20",
        "priceCurrency": "EUR",
        "referenceQuantity": {
          "@type": "QuantitativeValue",
          "value": "1",
          "unitCode": "DAY"
        }
      }
  }   
}  
</script>

致谢

我们要感谢以下个人：Martin Hepp、Dominik Kuzinski、Robert Trypuz 和 Karol Szczepański，由 MakoLab SA 的 Mirek Sopek 协调，创建了汽车扩展和本文档。

维护和新元素提案以及讨论由通用汽车本体 W3C 社区协调：https://www.w3.org/community/gao/。

documents

汽车标记

https://www.gjxx.dev/schema/documents/automotive/

作者

gjxx

发布于

2025年10月16日

许可协议

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汽车标记

汽车标记

目录

介绍

概述

汽车扩展的概念图和层次结构

汽车扩展中所有术语的完整层次结构（加上其上位词）

类型：

属性：

枚举（按类型）：

汽车扩展中对象的模型

车辆类型及其子类型

车辆类型及其属性

汽车 Acriss 代码和车顶负载

车辆的驱动轮配置

车辆发动机、转向位置和汽车使用规范

使用 Offer 类型的属性描述汽车

使用示例

示例 1. 二手车

示例 2. 新款混合动力车

示例 3. 有损坏的二手车

示例 4. 带有 Acriss 代码的租车

致谢